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The ability of pseudo-detailed chemical kinetic modeling to simulate the oxidation behavior of Exxsol D-80, a paraffin blend whose oxidative characteristics are representative of severely hydrotreated jet fuels, is assessed. The effects of temperature and initial dissolved O 2 concentration on oxidation are considered. A 17-step pseudo-detailed mechanism is shown to provide reasonable simulations...
The natural oxidation/weathering of coal continues to be a subject of interest both scientifically and industrially, in part due to the complexity of the molecular processes at hand as well as to the commercial implications involved. It is widely recognized that coking can be adversely affected by weathering whereas, combustion processes appear to be enhanced as result of oxidation. Combustion techniques...
Deep hydrodesulphurization (HDS) of diesel fuels has been carried out on P (Ni)-promoted or non-promoted Mo 2 C-supported γ-Al 2 O 3 and bulk Mo 2 C under standard industrial conditions (613 K, 3 MPa). The effect of the promoter was investigated for different feedstocks on HDS and hydrogenation (HYD) with very low levels of sulfur. The temperature effect was also followed...
Nippon Steel has successfully developed dry coal charging processes such as CMC and DAPS for cokemaking. In this report, the fundamental aspects of the coal blending theory for dry coal charging processes are investigated. The investigation has made it clear that even in cases of high coal bulk density due to dry coal charging processes, it is possible to control coking pressure by adjusting the blending...
The influence of selected properties of fly ash on the measurements of an on-line analyser was described. Fly ash studied in the research originated from the pulverized coal fired boiler. The samples were taken using an inspection method within a period of 3 months. Systematic observation of the properties of the ash allowed monitoring of the work of the industrial analyzer during a relatively long...
The application of exhaust gas assisted fuel reforming in diesel engines has been investigated. The process involves hydrogen generation by direct catalytic interaction of diesel fuel with engine exhaust gas. Using a laboratory reforming mini reactor incorporated in the exhaust system of a diesel engine, up to 16% hydrogen in the reactor product gas was achieved at a reactor inlet temperature of 290...
A alumina–magnesium composite oxide catalyst (Al–Mg) was synthesized for catalytic degradation of poly vinyl chloride (PVC) containing polymer mixtures, i.e. polypropylene (PP)/PVC, low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/PVC, polystyrene (PS)/PVC, and LDPE/PP/PS/PVC. In the catalytic degradations the Al–Mg composite oxide catalyst accelerated the rate of polymer degradation and lowered the carbon distribution...
The CO 2 gasification of maceral chars was performed using CAHN TG-151 pressurized thermobalance under different conditions. The effect of mineral in macerals and catalyst on the gasification reactivity of maceral chars and the gasification kinetics were systematically investigated. The results showed that the apparent gasification rate of maceral chars depends on the temperature, pressure,...
In this article, we present a mathematical model that describes the calcination and sintering of calcium-based sorbents in furnace sorbent injection (FSI) conditions. We assumed that the sorbent decomposition follows a shrinking core model with a changing pore size distribution in every layer and we used a comprehensive mathematical model for sintering. Cylindrical and plate-like or slit pore geometries,...
Besides methane adsorbed in porous system of coal, a considerable part is dissolved (absorbed) in macromolecular coal matrix. This part is usually included within the adsorbed methane without discerning the two different types of binding, which is of importance particularly at the gas-bearing assessment. Analysis of the complete sorption isotherm including both processes enabled to derive proportion...
This paper reports the results of an experimental investigation of emissions from an impinging flame to a flat cold surface. This study pertains to the fuel rich premixed flame issuing from a 8-mm diameter nozzle burner. The effects of burner to plate spacing, equivalence ratio and Reynolds numbers on the flame structure and emission are investigated. The flame structure is characterized by temperature...
Co-combustion of sewage sludge with coal or wood has been investigated in the 12MW th circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler at Chalmers Technical University. The investigation focuses on emissions of trace metals from co-combustion compared to mono-combustion in CFB. The results show that co-combustion can be carried out in a CFB plant designed for the base fuel without exceeding EU emission...
Evidence of crude oil stability and the tendency of asphaltene aggregation in crude oil have been investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Octylated asphaltenes were also used as reference because of their low aggregation tendency. Changes in the absorbance vs. concentrations in toluene solutions show that aggregation starts around 50 mg/l for Furrial asphaltene and approximately...
Two methods were used to analyse fly ash for trace elements using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Individual particles in polished blocks proved difficult to analyse because of the fine grain size of the particles. Identification of particles was one problem and another was loss of sensitivity for key trace elements with a very small diameter (10 μm) laser beam. Analysis...
In a chemical-looping combustion (CLC) process, gas (natural gas, syngas, etc.) is burnt in two reactors. In the first one, a metallic oxide that is used as oxygen source is reduced by the feeding gas to a lower oxidation state, being CO 2 and steam the reaction products. In the second reactor, the reduced solid is regenerated with air to the fresh oxide, and the process can be repeated for...
It is strongly desired for coal-fired power plants in Japan to utilize not only low-rank coals with high moisture and high ash contents, but also high-rank coals with high fuel ratio for diversifying fuel sources and lowering cost. In this study, pulverized coal combustion characteristics of high-fuel-ratio coals are experimentally investigated using an approximately 100kg-coal/h pulverized coal combustion...
The advent of more stringent standards to reduce particulate emissions has increased the need to control the contribution that consumption of lubricating oil in engines makes toward particle emissions. Although many studies have been done in this area, the main mechanism by which lubricating oil contributes to particle formation is not well understood. In this study, the impact of lubricating oil...
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